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目的：探讨肺表面活性剂替代疗法对防治胃液误吸后急性呼吸衰竭形成的作用。方法：在定压式人工呼吸下，经气管给大鼠肺内注入胃液（ｐＨ＝１．５）２．５ｍｌ／ｋｇ，造成误吸。然后将大鼠随机分为三组，Ｇ组仅接受人工呼吸；Ｓ１组和Ｓ２组分别在误吸后３ｍｉｎ、６０ｍｉｎ时接受肺冲洗和肺表面活性剂替代疗法。结果：误吸后，Ｇ组的动脉血气恶化；Ｓ１组由于应用了肺冲洗和肺表面活性剂有效地防止了急性呼吸衰竭的形成；而Ｓ２组行治疗后虽阻止了ＰａＯ２的进一步下降，但其ＰａＯ２明显低于早期治疗的Ｓ１组。结论：胃液误吸后应及早实施肺表面活性剂治疗措施。
Objective: To investigate the effect of pulmonary surfactant replacement therapy on the prevention and treatment of acute respiratory failure after gastric aspiration. Methods: In constant pressure artificial respiration, rats were injected intratracheally with gastric fluid (pH = 1.5) 2.5ml / kg intratracheally, causing aspiration. Then the rats were randomly divided into three groups, G group received only artificial respiration; S1 group and S2 group were 3min, 60min after inhalation were lung irrigation and pulmonary surfactant replacement therapy. Results: After aspiration, arterial blood gas in group G was worsened. In group S1, pulmonary flushing and pulmonary surfactant were effective in preventing the formation of acute respiratory failure. In group S2, PaO2 was prevented from decreasing further after treatment, Its PaO2 was significantly lower than the early treatment of S1 group. Conclusion: Aspiration of gastric juice should be implemented as soon as possible after pulmonary aspiration therapy.