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目的:探讨影响初中生学习成绩的相关因素。方法:用儿童焦虑性情绪障碍筛查表(SCARED)、儿童抑郁障碍自评量表(DSRSC)、应对方式问卷、父母养育方式问卷(EMBU)对上海市杨浦区一所普通中学288名学生进行调查。结果:成绩优良组与普通组在性别、年龄、父母亲文化、家庭结构、经济条件、是否独生子女方面差异显著(P<0.05或P<0.01)。普通组与优良组在学校恐怖,焦虑、抑郁总分,应对方式、解决问题、自责、合理性,父母养育方式存在显著差异(P<0.05或P<0.01)。回归分析显示性别与年龄、解决问题、情感温暖和理解对学习成绩有影响(P<0.01)。结论:影响初中生学习成绩的因素除了有智力因素外,还与家庭环境、性别、年龄、焦虑和抑郁情绪、应对方式、父母养育方式等心理社会因素密切相关。
Objective: To explore the factors that influence the academic performance of junior high school students. METHODS: A total of 288 students from a general secondary school in Yangpu district of Shanghai were enrolled in the SCARED, DSRSC, EMBS and EMBF. survey. Results: There was a significant difference (P <0.05 or P <0.01) between the good grades group and the common group in terms of gender, age, parental culture, family structure, economic conditions and whether or not the child was single or not. There was a significant difference (P <0.05 or P <0.01) between the normal group and the excellent group in school horror, anxiety, total score of depression, coping style, problem solving, self-blame, rationality and parental rearing patterns. Regression analysis showed that gender and age, problem solving, emotional warmth and understanding had an impact on academic performance (P <0.01). Conclusion: The factors that affect the academic performance of junior high school students are not only intellectual factors, but also closely related to the psychosocial factors such as family environment, gender, age, anxiety and depression, coping style and parental rearing patterns.