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棉花的色素腺含有棉酚及其有关的类萜醛化合物,这些色素腺在多数地上部包括种子都可找到。它保护植物免遭虫害,但是种子的胚中的棉酚是不希望有的,因为它对非反刍动物有毒。本研究的目的是鉴定其除种子外大多数地上部具有色素腺的一个六倍体棉株,并着手将这个特性转移到四倍体棉株。一个来自四倍体(2N=52)的陆地棉×二倍体(2N=26)的斯特提棉(G.sturtianum Willis)的种间杂交的可育的六倍体(2N=78)棉株表现出具有无色素腺种子和有色素腺茎叶及结实体的表型。这个表型的花芽和种子含棉酚百分率分别为0.29和0.02。来自六倍体同四倍体的陆地棉得州标记棉1号(TM-1)原种杂交的五倍体F_1 植株在得州布朗斯维尔看来似乎生产出与四倍体的得标-1同样多的籽棉。但是,其F_1 棉株的花芽产生0.31%的棉酚而种子仅产生0.02%的棉酚。得标-1的花芽和种子含棉酚百分率分别是0.58和1.29。这些结果表明,具有在植物茎叶和结实器官的色素腺中含棉酚但在种子的胚中不含棉酚的这个优异特性的可育的六倍体种质己经产生。
Cotton pigmented gland contains gossypol and its related terpenoid aldehyde compounds, these pigmented glands can be found in most aboveground parts, including seeds. It protects the plant from pest but the gossypol in the embryo of the seed is undesirable because it is toxic to non-ruminants. The purpose of this study was to identify a hexaploid cotton plant with pigmented glands in most shoots except for seed and to initiate the transfer of this trait to tetraploid cotton plants. A fertile hexaploid (2N = 78) cotton from interspecific crosses of G. napus × diploid (2N = 26) G. tetrana Willis, tetraploid (2N = 52) The strain exhibited a phenotype with asexual glandular seed and pigmented glandular stems and leaves and fruiting bodies. The percentage of gossypol in flower buds and seeds in this phenotype were 0.29 and 0.02, respectively. The tetraploid F_1 plants from the hexaploid tetraploid cotton Landrace Cotton M1 (TM-1) hybrid appeared to be of the tetraploid yield in Brownsville, Texas - 1 same amount of seed cotton. However, the flower buds of its F_1 cotton plants produced 0.31% gossypol and the seeds produced only 0.02% gossypol. The percentages of flower buds and seeds containing gossypol in the superscript-1 were 0.58 and 1.29, respectively. These results show that fertile hexaploid germplasms with this excellent characteristic of containing gossypol in pigmented glands of plant stems and leaves and solid organs, but not gossypol in seed embryos have been produced.