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蛋白质含量同时受基因型与环境影响。本文根据在Saskatchewan几种土壤上进行的品种试验结果研究二者对小麦与黑麦籽粒蛋白质含量及蛋白质生产中的氮利用效率(NUE)的影响。在土壤有效氮低的高产条件下每公斤籽粒的蛋白质含量低达95.4g。当氮不再是籽粒产量的最大限制因子时,其值不变。此后能提高对氮的需求量的因素均可使籽粒蛋白含量-N反应曲线由迟滞期转为上升。在土壤高氮水平下,每公斤干籽粒的最大蛋白质的克数为130—231g(冬小麦)和107—177g(黑麦)。在有效氮含量低的情况下,蛋白质生产的NUE可高达80%,继续增施氮肥时则NUE值下降,在籽粒产量最高时NUE值接近零,蛋白质产量最高时NUE值等于零。在提供的土壤有效氮达到一定程度、籽粒产量接近最高时,蛋白质含量-N反应曲线的上升期结束。研究结果表明,在现行的管理体系下谷物籽粒与籽粒蛋白质生产的NUE值低。
Protein content is affected both by genotype and environment. In this paper, the effects of both on the protein content of wheat and rye kernels and the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in protein production were studied based on the results of variety trials conducted on several soils in Saskatchewan. The protein content per kilogram of grain was as low as 95.4 g under high-yield soil available nitrogen. When nitrogen is no longer the limiting factor for grain yield, its value does not change. Since then, the factors that can increase the demand for nitrogen can turn the grain protein content-N response curve from lag phase to increase. At high soil nitrogen levels, grams of maximum protein per kg of dry grain are 130-231 g (winter wheat) and 107-177 g (rye). Under the condition of low available nitrogen, the NUE of protein production can be as high as 80%. When the nitrogen application is continued, the NUE value decreases. When the grain yield is the highest, the NUE value is close to zero and the NUE value is zero when the protein yield is the highest. As the availability of soil available nitrogen reached a certain level and grain yield was near maximum, the rise of the protein content-N response curve ended. The results show that under the current management system, the NUE of grain and grain protein production is low.