OBJECTIVE:To investigate the factors associated with sensory and motor recovery after the repair of upper limb peripheral nerve injuries. DATA SOURCES:The online PubMed database was searched for English articles describing outcomes after the repair of median, ulnar, radial, and digital nerve injuries in humans with a publication date between 1 January 1990 and 16 February 2011. STUDY SELECTION:The following types of article were selected:(1) clinical trials describ-ing the repair of median, ulnar, radial, and digital nerve injuries published in English;and (2) studies that reported sufifcient patient information, including age, mechanism of injury, nerve injured, injury location, defect length, repair time, repair method, and repair materials. SPSS 13.0 software was used to perform univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses and to in-vestigate the patient and intervention factors associated with outcomes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Sensory function was assessed using the Mackinnon-Dellon scale and motor function was assessed using the manual muscle test. Satisfactory motor recovery was deifned as grade M4 or M5, and satisfactory sensory recovery was deifned as grade S3+or S4. RESULTS:Seventy-one articles were included in this study. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that repair time, repair materials, and nerve injured were inde-pendent predictors of outcome after the repair of nerve injuries (P