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目的探讨阿托伐他汀对大鼠慢性低氧性肺动脉高压的干预作用。方法采用慢性低氧性肺动脉高压大鼠模型。30只大鼠随机分为常氧组、低氧组和低氧阿托伐他汀干预组。4周后观察肺动脉压及右心肥厚指数,HE染色和电镜观察各组大鼠肺组织病理和超微结构变化。结果低氧组大鼠平均肺动脉压力、右心肥厚指数高于正常组和阿托伐他汀干预组(P<0.05);光镜显示:4周后低氧组肺细小动脉血管壁平滑肌层明显增生,电镜下内皮细胞向管腔突起,胶原纤维增多,平滑肌细胞增生;而正常组、阿托伐他汀组大鼠肺组织血管壁的改变明显减轻。结论阿托伐他汀可减轻低氧性肺细小动脉血管平滑肌的增生,减轻血管重构,降低慢性低氧性肺动脉高压大鼠肺动脉压力。
Objective To investigate the effects of atorvastatin on chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension in rats. Methods Chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension rat model. Thirty rats were randomly divided into normoxia group, hypoxia group and atorvastatin hypoxia group. Pulmonary arterial pressure and right ventricular hypertrophy index were observed after 4 weeks. The pathological and ultrastructural changes of lung tissue were observed by HE staining and electron microscope. Results The mean pulmonary arterial pressure and right ventricular hypertrophy index in hypoxia group were significantly higher than those in normal group and atorvastatin group (P <0.05). The light microscope showed that the smooth muscle layer of pulmonary arterioles in hypoxia group proliferated significantly after 4 weeks Under electron microscope, endothelial cells protruded to the lumen, collagen fibers increased, and smooth muscle cells proliferated. However, the changes of vascular wall in normal and atorvastatin groups were significantly reduced. Conclusions Atorvastatin can reduce the hyperplasia of hypoxic pulmonary arteriole smooth muscle cells, relieve the remodeling of blood vessels and decrease the pulmonary arterial pressure in rats with chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.