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目的：为带臂后皮神经及其营养血管筋膜皮瓣应用提供解剖学基础．方法：32例经灌注红色乳胶的成人上肢标本，对臂后皮神经及其营养血管等进行了较详细的应用解剖学研究．结果：臂后皮神经在背阔肌与肱三头肌交角处下方1.7±1.3cm深筋膜处浅出，浅出处分为主干型（占56.2％）和二分支型（43.8%）．前者的横径为14±0.4mm；后者则分别为0．9±0．3mm和0.9±0．2mm．该神经的营养血管来源分别为腋动脉（40．6％）、肱动脉（34．4％）、肱深动脉（15．6％）、中副动脉（6．3％）和尺侧上副动脉（3.1％）。它们的外径为1.1±0．3mm；供血范围为12.9×7．5cm．结论：带臂后皮神经及其营养血管筋膜皮瓣可设计成游离瓣和旋转瓣，用于修复邻近部位或硕面部缺损。
Objective: To provide an anatomical basis for the application of posterior arm cutaneous nerve and its nutrient vascular fascia flap. Methods: Thirty - two adult upper limbs infused with red latex were used to study the anatomy of the posterior facial nerve and its nutrient vessels in detail. Results: The posterior arm cutaneous nerve was shallow 1.7 ± 1.3 cm deep fascia below the angle between the latissimus dorsi and triceps. The superficial branches were divided into the main type (56.2%) and the bifurcated type (43.8%). The former diameter of 14 ± 0.4mm; the latter were 0.9 ± 0.3mm and 0.9 ± 0.2mm. The nutrient vessels of the nerve were axillary artery (40.6%), brachial artery (34.4%), deep brachial artery (15.6%), middle accessory artery (6.3% Artery (3.1%). Their outer diameter is 1.1 ± 0.3 mm; the blood supply range is 12.9 × 7.5 cm. Conclusion: The posterior cutaneous nerve of the arm and its nutrient vascular fascia flap can be designed as free flap and rotating flap for repairing the defect of the adjacent area or the facial area.