脚本是更宽框架概念下一种认知模式的变体,用来解释生活经验中那些经常、反复发生并以成因链连接在一起的更大的事件序列。这种事件序列根植于人的大脑,以缺省知识的形式出现在话语中。教师创设合适的事件脚本可以激活学生已有的认知体验,并弥补学生听前的体验知识的贫乏,为听说活动的有效开展奠定基础。 Scripting is a variation of the cognitive model under the broader frame concept, which explains the larger sequence of events in life experience that are often, recurring, and linked together by causal chains. This sequence of events is rooted in the human brain and appears in discourse in the form of default knowledge. Teachers create the appropriate event script can activate students ’existing cognitive experience and make up for the paucity of students’ prior experience of listening, which lays the foundation for the effective development of listening and speaking activities.