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目的分析急进性后部型早产儿视网膜病(AP-ROP)的危险因素。方法采用回顾性病例对照研究方法 ,纳入2012年3月至2014年9月在广东省妇幼保健院住院的55例AP-ROP先证者和110例普通ROP患儿,两者按1∶2进行配比,匹配条件:普通ROP患儿、入院时间最接近,收集、整理资料。结果胎龄<32周(χ~2=8.584),出生体质量<1 250 g(χ~2=3.960),吸氧(χ~2=7.015),吸氧≥14 d(χ~2=22.273),机械通气(χ~2=10.104),机械通气≥14 d(χ~2=12.579),使用PS(χ~2=10.942),新生儿贫血(χ~2=8.462),输血≥2次(χ~2=41.734),RDS(χ~2=11.733),新生儿肺炎(χ~2=25.536),呼吸暂停(χ~2=23.468),BPD(χ~2=8.319),颅内出血(χ~2=6.478),代谢性酸中毒(χ~2=8.317),视网膜出血(χ~2=10.188)与AP-ROP显著相关(P<0.05)。在单因素分析基础上运用条件Logistic回归分析,输血≥2次(OR:14.956)和呼吸暂停(OR:7.590)是AP-ROP的独立危险因素。结论 AP-ROP的发生与出生胎龄小、出生体重低、氧疗及相关并发症(如呼吸窘迫综合征、视网膜出血等)有关,输血和呼吸暂停是AP-ROP的独立危险因素。
Objective To analyze the risk factors of retinopathy of premature newborn (AP-ROP). Methods A retrospective case-control study was conducted in 55 AP-ROP probands and 110 ROP children hospitalized in Guangdong MCH from March 2012 to September 2014. The patients were treated with 1: 2 Matching, matching conditions: ordinary ROP children, hospital admission time closest to collect, organize information. RESULTS: The gestational age was less than 32 weeks (χ ~ 2 = 8.584), the birth weight was less than 1 250 g (χ ~ 2 = 3.960), oxygen was higher than χ2 = 7.015, (Χ ~ 2 = 10.942), neonatal anemia (χ ~ 2 = 8.462), blood transfusion ≥ 2 times (χ ~ 2 = 10.104) (χ ~ 2 = 41.734), RDS (χ ~ 2 = 11.733), neonatal pneumonia (χ ~ 2 = 25.536), apnea (χ ~ 2 = 23.468), BPD χ ~ 2 = 6.478), metabolic acidosis (χ ~ 2 = 8.317) and retinal hemorrhage (χ ~ 2 = 10.188) were significantly associated with AP-ROP (P <0.05). Conditional Logistic regression analysis based on univariate analysis showed that transfusion ≥2 (OR: 14.956) and apnea (OR: 7.590) were independent risk factors for AP-ROP. Conclusions The occurrence of AP-ROP is associated with small gestational age, low birth weight, oxygen therapy and related complications such as respiratory distress syndrome and retinal hemorrhage. Transfusion and apnea are independent risk factors for AP-ROP.