Inflammatory myofibroblastic pseudotumors are rare solid tumors found in most soft tissue locations although mainly in the lung. Their etiology is uncertain, and they are generally considered benign although some have a potential for rec urrence and dissemination. Recent studies have suggested, however, that some of these tumors are in fact neoplastic processes that harbor chromosomal aberration s similar to those seen in certain lymphomas. The authors report a case of infla mmatory pseudotumor of the ureter in a child and discuss recent reports. Inflammatory myofibroblastic pseudotumors are rare solid tumors found in most soft tissue locations although mainly in the lung. Their etiology is uncertain, and they are generally considered benign although some have a potential for rec urrence and dissemination. Recent studies have suggested, however, that some of these tumors are in fact neoplastic processes that harbor chromosomal aberration s similar to those seen in certain lymphomas. The authors report a case of infla mmatory pseudotumor of the ureter in a child and discuss recent reports.