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目的初步编制中文版职业安全态度量表,评价其信度和效度。方法在国外安全感知和安全态度问卷基础上编制中文版职业安全态度量表,应用探索性因素分析、主成分分析、验证性因素分析和信度及效度检验方法对广东省中山市某镇区抽取的8家五金制造企业902名一线生产员工安全态度情况进行了分析,验证该量表的合理性。结果通过探索性因素分析和主成分分析,确定中文版职业安全态度量表由对安全政策的态度、消极态度、对管理者的安全态度、对安全实践的态度和乐观态度5个因子组成,共24个条目,累积贡献率为56.44%;职业安全态度量表的Cronbach’sα系数为0.836,分半信度为0.718,该量表具有较好的信度;验证性因素分析结果显示,量表的χ2/df=2.86,拟合优度指数(GFI)为0.940,近似误差均方根(RMSEA)为0.045,比较拟合指数(CFI)为0.939;各因子态度与量表总体态度的相关系数为0.310~0.755(均P<0.01),该量表的结构效度较好;5个因子态度及量表总体态度正确者与错误者得分比较,除乐观态度因子外,其他4个因子态度及量表总体态度正确者得分均低于错误者,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01),该量表具有较好的判别效度。结论初步编制的中文版职业安全态度量表具有较好的信度和效度,可以为国内企业开展职业伤害的综合防制提供参考依据。
Objective To initially prepare a Chinese version of the Occupational Safety Attitude Scale to evaluate its reliability and validity. Methods Based on the questionnaire of safety perception and safety attitude abroad, the Chinese version of the Occupational Safety Attitude Questionnaire was prepared and applied to exploratory factor analysis, principal component analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and reliability and validity test methods in a township of Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province Of the 8 hardware manufacturing enterprises 902 front-line staff safety attitude were analyzed to verify the rationality of the scale. Results Through exploratory factor analysis and principal component analysis, the Chinese version of the Occupational Safety Attitude Questionnaire was established by five factors including the attitude toward security policy, negative attitude, attitude towards managers, attitude towards security practices and optimism 24 entries, the cumulative contribution rate was 56.44%; Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the occupational safety attitude scale was 0.836, fractional half reliability was 0.718, the scale has a good reliability; confirmatory factor analysis showed that the scale (Χ2 / df = 2.86, GFI = 0.940, RMSEA = 0.045, and CFI = 0.939). The correlation coefficient between the attitude of each factor and the overall attitude of the scale (P <0.01). The structural validity of the scale was better. The attitude of the five factors and the overall score of the scale were compared with those of the wrong ones. In addition to the optimistic attitude factors, the attitude of the other four factors and The overall attitude of the scale were scored lower than the wrong person, the differences were statistically significant (both P <0.01), the scale has a good discriminant validity. Conclusion The preliminary version of the Chinese version of the Occupational Safety Attitude Scale has good reliability and validity and can provide a reference for domestic enterprises to carry out integrated occupational injury prevention.