作者研制了一种在土中和挡土结构中量测静、动应力和压力的双层薄膜式小型压力盒,并在专门的设备上进行了砂压、气压和液压三种方法的静态标定及附加质量块和不附加质量块的动态标定。标定结果表明:双膜式压力盒比国内常用的单膜式压力盒具有可靠、稳定和受压板的变位量小而灵敏度高等优点。因其体积小特别适用于静、动土压力的模型试验之中。 The authors developed a two-layer thin-film pressure chamber for measuring static and dynamic stresses and pressures in soil and retaining structures, and carried out static calibration of sand pressure, air pressure, and hydraulic pressure on specialized equipment. And dynamic calibration of additional and non-attached masses. The calibration results show that the double-membrane pressure box is more reliable and stable than the single-membrane pressure box commonly used in China, and has the advantages of small displacement and high sensitivity of the pressure plate. Because of its small size, it is especially suitable for model tests of static and dynamic earth pressures.