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通过对1318个 M_2穗行幼苗叶绿素缺乏突变的分离频率的统计,比较了各诱变处理的突变扇形体大小和分布。结果表明,NaN_3、γ射线和快中子的平均突变扇形体大小分别为40.8%、62.0%和76.4%。说明辐射诱发的扇形体大于化学诱变剂的扇形体,而快中子的扇形体又大于γ射线。NaN_3处理前种子预浸24小时的比预浸8小时和16小时的突变扇形体要小。低剂量γ射线和快中子处理的扇形体平均大小为50%左右,随剂量的增高突变扇形体随之加大,至高剂量时可达80—100%。主茎穗的平均扇形体大小比分蘖穗小20%左右,分蘖穗的扇形体大小依位序的升高而加大。估计大麦的主茎穗起源于4个原基细胞,前位分蘖至少第一、二分蘖起源于8个原基细胞。来自1、2和3个以上原基细胞的大(80—100%)、中(40—80%)、小(<40%)突变扇形体穗子的分布比例,NaN_3处理中小扇形体穗占2/3,大扇形体穗占1/10。辐射低剂量处理中的小扇形体穗占50%左右,随着剂量的加大,小扇形体穗减少,而大扇形体穗增多。在中等剂量范围内,大、中、小三种扇形体穗各占1/3左右。在主茎穗中,小扇形体占优势,约比分蘖穗中的小扇形体穗多20—30%的。本文还讨论了多位点突变对突变扇形体表现的影响。
Based on the statistical analysis of the frequencies of chlorophyll deficiency mutations in 1318 M_2 ear rows, the size and distribution of the mutant segments in each mutagenesis treatment were compared. The results show that the mean abrupt sector sizes of NaN 3, γ ray and fast neutrons are 40.8%, 62.0% and 76.4% respectively. The radiation-induced sector is larger than the chemical mutagen sector, while the fast neutron sector is larger than the gamma-ray. The seeds pre-impregnated with NaN_3 for 24 hours were smaller than the mutant segments pre-soaked for 8 hours and 16 hours. The average size of low-dose γ-ray and fast neutron-treated segments was about 50%. As the dose increased, the mutant segments increased and up to 80-100% at high doses. The average body size of the main stem spike is about 20% smaller than the tillering spike, and the size of the sector shape of the tillering panicle increases with increasing order. The stems of barley are estimated to originate from four primordial cells, with at least the first tillering anterior tillers and two primordial tillers originating from the eight primordial cells. The proportion of large (80-100%), medium (40-80%), small (<40%) mutant segments of panicles from 1, 2, and 3 primordial basal cells accounted for 2 / 3, the big sector accounted for 1/10 panicles. Small scallops in low-dose radiation treatment accounted for about 50% of spikes, with the dose increases, small scallops reduce the spike, and large scalloped spike increased. In the medium dose range, large, medium and small three sector spike each about 1/3. In the main stem spike, the smaller fan-shaped body dominant, about more than the small spike panicle spike 20-30% more spikes. This article also discusses the impact of multiple site mutations on the performance of mutant segments.