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现代社会的发展,各个行业对于能源的消耗量极大,因此石油的开采事业得到了长足的发展,对于油田的勘探及研究正在深入发展。现代科学技术的发展,油田的勘探技术、油层改造技术不断提高,勘探出较多性质特殊的油田,该类油田具有渗透率低、面积大、数量多等特点。也由于其具有该类特征,其地质的天然能量较少,原油渗流时受到较大的阻力,且能量消耗极快。在开采的初期虽产能较高,但是到后期产量会逐渐下降,且十分不稳定性,对于低渗透油田的开发造成了严重的影响。现代的超前注水技术即是针对该情况所研究的新型油田开发技术。本文简单的分析了超前注水技术的基本情况;运作机理,包括减少启动压力梯度、改善渗透率、提升驱油效率等,为从事低渗透油田开发事业的人员提供一定的参考与借鉴。
In the development of modern society, the consumption of energy in various industries is extremely great. Therefore, the petroleum exploitation has made great progress, and the exploration and research on oil fields are going deeper. The development of modern science and technology, the exploration technology of oilfields and the technology of reservoir modification have been continuously improved, and more oilfields with special properties have been explored. These oilfields have the characteristics of low permeability, large area and large quantity. Because of its characteristics, the geological natural energy is less, the crude oil seeps with greater resistance and the energy consumption is very fast. Although the initial production of high capacity, but the late production will gradually decline, and very unstable, for the development of low permeability oil fields have a serious impact. Modern advanced waterflooding technology is the new oilfield development technology researched in this situation. This paper simply analyzes the basic situation of advanced water injection technology; operation mechanism, including reducing the starting pressure gradient, improving permeability and enhancing oil displacement efficiency, so as to provide reference for those engaged in the development of low permeability oilfields.