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“政法冤案”是指在政法委协调下发生的冤案,是中国政法体制的副产品,是中国法治建设内在矛盾的反映。由于“政法冤案”的政治事件性质,有必要将其还原到特定的政治背景下予以阐释。以佘祥林案和赵作海案为切入点,以亨廷顿的政治现代化理论为分析框架,可以发现权威再造中的权威弱化、结构分化中的功能混同、法治动员中的参与拥堵分别构成了“政法冤案”发生的权力背景、组织背景和民意背景。在“政法冤案”的形成中,权威弱化后的治理压力是深层动因,动员过剩后的民意呼声是中介环节,政法机构的功能混同则起了决定性的作用。中国的法治建设需要在政治现代化建设的框架中展开。对“政法冤案”的政治背景分析,有助于更好地理解中国的法治问题。
“Politics and Lawful Cases of Injustice ” refers to the unjust case occurred under the coordination of the Politics and Law Committee, which is a by-product of China’s political and legal system and a reflection of the inherent contradictions in the construction of the rule of law in China. Due to the nature of political events in “political and legal cases of injustice,” it is necessary to revert to the specific political context to explain it. Taking the cases of She Xianglin and Zhao Zuohai as starting points and Huntington’s political modernization theory as the analysis framework, we can find out the weakening of authority in authoritative reorganization, the confusion of functions in structural differentiation and the participation congestion in the mobilization of law and order, respectively. “The power of the background, the organizational background and the background of public opinion. In the formation of ”political and legal cases of injustice“, the pressure of governance after the weakening of authority was the underlying cause. The public opinions and voices after the mobilization of excess were the intermediary links, and the functional mix of political and legal institutions played a decisive role. The construction of the rule of law in China needs to be carried out within the framework of political modernization. The political background analysis of ”political and legal cases of injustice" helps to better understand the issue of China’s rule of law.