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【目的】研究孤独症儿童的愿望-信念推理能力发展,及与正常儿童的差异,为进一步干预提供依据。【方法】测试智龄为3～5岁的孤独症谱系障碍儿童(n=18)愿望与信念理解能力,并与正常发展儿童(n=18)做比较。两组儿童在智龄和性别上一一匹配。【结果】结果显示孤独症儿童和正常儿童在区分愿望任务中的表现差异无统计学意义;但孤独症儿童在理解区分信念和错误信念任务的成绩显著低于正常儿童(P<0.05)。【结论】孤独症儿童能够理解愿望,但在理解信念方面却存在困难。
【Objective】 To study the aspiration of children with autism - the development of belief-based reasoning ability and the difference with normal children, and provide the basis for further intervention. [Methods] Children with autism spectrum disorder (AG), aged 3 to 5, were tested for desire and belief comprehension ability and compared with normal children (n = 18). Two groups of children in intellectual age and gender one by one match. 【Results】 The results showed that children with autism and normal children had no significant difference in the performance of the task of distinguishing aspirations. However, children with autism had significantly lower scores in understanding the task of distinguishing between faith and misbelief than those in normal children (P <0.05). [Conclusion] Children with autism can understand their wishes, but there are difficulties in understanding their beliefs.