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１９９２年１月～１９９３年１月，采用ＷＨＯ推荐的婴幼儿急性呼吸道感染（ＡＲＩ）标准病例管理方法，抽样调查了青岛市７区１６７５１例０～４岁儿童。结果显示：全市０～４岁儿童ＡＲＩ发病率为９１５．６５‰，明显低于浙江省７个ＰＨＣ示范县的发病率（１９１７．０２‰）（Ｐ＜０．００１）；肺炎发病率为２０．４２‰，病死率为３５．８２／１０万。３４２例肺炎病儿中，仅就父亲吸烟、人均收入、喂养方式、佝偻病等慢性病、多子女家庭进行分析，提示提倡母乳喂养、防治佝偻病、推广计划生育都将有利于降低儿童ＡＲＩ发病率和死亡率。
From January 1992 to January 1993, a total of 16,751 children aged 0 ~ 4 years from 7 districts of Qingdao City were sampled by the standard case management method recommended by the WHO for ARI. The results showed that the incidence of ARI in children aged 0-4 years was 915.65 ‰, which was significantly lower than that of 7 PHC demonstration counties in Zhejiang Province (1917.02 ‰) (P <0.001). The incidence of pneumonia was 20 .42 ‰, case fatality rate was 35.82 / 100000. Among 342 cases of pneumonia, analysis of multi-child families based on their father’s smoking, per capita income, feeding pattern, rickets and other chronic diseases suggests that promotion of breastfeeding, prevention and treatment of rickets and promotion of family planning will all contribute to reducing the incidence of ARI and death in children rate.