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本文提出了一个有关非营利组织污名的一般化分析理论。在这一理论中,污名被定义为“组织因其行为或核心属性存在合法性问题而在某种程度上被组织场域内的主要受众/利益相关者所不信任、污损和歧视”;同时,组织污名的形成机制可以用“征服”、“竞争”和“加冕”的三阶段分析架构来概述,对红十字会污名化案例的考察较为详备地佐证了这一架构的合理性;作为这一一般化理论的延伸,本文还就组织污名的影响及其应对策略进行讨论。
This article presents a general theory of analysis of the stigma of nonprofit organizations. In this theory, stigma is defined as “the organization is not trusted, fouled and discriminated to some extent by the main audience / stakeholder within the organization’s field because of the legitimacy of its actions or core attributes” At the same time, the formation mechanism of organizational stigma can be summarized by the three-stage analysis framework of “Conquest,” “Competition,” and “Coronation.” The investigation of the Red Cross stigmatization case is more detailed Corroborating the rationality of this structure; as an extension of this generalization theory, this article also discusses the impact of organizational stigma and its coping strategies.