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纳博科夫在20世纪文学史上占有重要地位,其道德主张与政治诉求隐含于这种小说复杂的叙事策略中。本论文通过分析《绝望》中的戏仿策略、不可靠叙事者、少叙述话语,展示赫尔曼极端的偏执状态,来探讨纳博科夫的叙事策略及其道德立场。纳博科夫不单揭示自我膨胀下的偏执心理机制对无辜生命的残酷杀戮、对个体尊严的肆意践踏、对自由意识的粗暴干涉,他还把对赫尔曼的谋杀罪行抨击与对人类本性和存在弱点的思考联系起来,从而探索伦理灾难背后的人性原因。
Nabokov occupies an important position in the history of 20th century literature. Its moral claim and political appeal are implicit in the complex narrative strategy of this novel. This dissertation explores Nabokov’s narrative tactics and moral stance by analyzing the parody tactics in “Despair”, unreliable narrators, narrative discourse less and Herrmann’s extreme paranoia. Nabokov not only disclosed the cruel killing of innocent lives caused by the paranoid psychological mechanism under self-inflating proliferation, wanton trampling of individual dignity, and gross interference in freedom, he also attacked the criminal murder of Herman and his misunderstanding of human nature and The weakness of the thinking linked to explore the reasons behind the ethical disaster of human nature.