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按弹性体考虑,建立由车体、前后构架和4个轮对轴箱构成的270 km.h-1高速动车模型。采用弹簧单元和拉杆单元模拟一系、二系悬挂及牵引拉杆和轴箱拉杆;设置节点自由度耦合来模拟顶盖与车体其他部件的螺栓连接;在各设备质心位置创建质量单元,用弹簧单元将质量单元与底架上相应设备的支点连接起来以模拟设备质量的影响。用ANSYS软件的Block Lanczos算法提取了270 km.h-1高速动车在考虑设备质量和不考虑设备质量两种情况下的前200阶特征值和特征向量,并对这两种情况下的整车振动特性进行比较分析,得到如下结论:不加设备质量时,与垂向变形相关的振型,其频率明显高于加设备质量时的相应频率;与其他方向变形相关的振型,其相应频率在这两种情况下差异不大;整车刚度按二系悬挂、一系悬挂、车体、构架、车轴的顺序由弱变强;整备状态下车体出现垂向弯曲振型的最低频率为10.42 Hz,满足《200km.h-1以上速度级铁道车辆强度设计及试验规范鉴定暂行规定》的要求。
Considering the elastic body, a 270km.h-1 high-speed train model consisting of a car body, a front frame, a rear frame and four wheel and axle boxes is established. The spring unit and the rod unit are used to simulate the first and second series suspension and traction rod and the axle box rod. The joint degree of freedom coupling is set to simulate the bolting of the top cover and other parts of the vehicle body. The mass unit is established at the centroid position of each device, The unit connects the mass unit with the fulcrum of the corresponding equipment on the chassis to simulate the impact of equipment quality. Using the Block Lanczos algorithm of ANSYS software, the top 200 eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the 270 km.h-1 high-speed train with both the equipment quality and the equipment quality are extracted, Vibration characteristics were compared and analyzed, the following conclusions were obtained: Without the quality of equipment, the vibration modes associated with vertical deformation were significantly higher than the corresponding frequencies when equipment quality was added; and the modes associated with other deformations, the corresponding frequencies In the two cases, the difference is not big. The stiffness of the vehicle is suspended by the second train, the suspension of the first train, the order of the car body, the frame and the axle from weak to strong. The lowest bending frequency of the car body in the curb state is 10.42 Hz, meeting the requirements of “Interim Provisions on Designing and Testing the Strength of Railway Vehicles with a Speed over 200km · h -1”.