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国内外关于地区比较的完整系统的定量研究是近年开始的,具有国际比较意义的各国购买力平价(PPP)研究是联合国组织进行的一项重要课题——国际比较项目(ICP)。随着 ICP 活动的广泛开展,国际比较领域的理论体系和方法论体系逐渐趋于成熟。国外区域研究先从区域经济学开始,区域经济学发起于德国,十九世纪二十年代,德国古典经济学者杜能建立了农业区位论学说,1909年,德国人阿尔费雷德·韦伯提出了工业区位论,建立了成本最低的区位理论。但这两种理论都只是阐明了微观意义的区域经济。以近代区域学家廖什的市场区位论为代表,在美国出观了工业区位研究的市场最优学派。三
The quantitative research on the complete system of regional comparison at home and abroad has been started in recent years. The study of PPP in various countries with international significance is one of the most important topics for the UN organization, International Comparison Program (ICP). With the wide range of ICP activities, the theoretical and methodological systems in the field of international comparison have gradually become more mature. Foreign regional studies first began with regional economics and regional economics started with Germany. In the 1920s, Germany's classical economist Du Can established the theory of agricultural location theory. In 1909, Alfred Weber of Germany proposed Industrial location theory, the establishment of the lowest cost location theory. However, both of these theories merely state the micro-meaning regional economy. Taking the market place theory of modern regional economist Liao Shi as the representative, the market optimal school of industrial location research was appeared in the United States. three