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1960年Nowell氏发现从扁豆中提取的植物血凝素(Phytohaemagglutinin简称PHA)能使淋巴细胞在体外分化为淋巴母细胞。1963年Schrek和Stetani首先应用PHA作皮肤反应。其后Aire(1967)及Burgie(1968,1971)证明PHA与抗原刺激的迟缓型皮肤反应有类似现象。目前已清楚PHA用作皮肤试验时,可刺激局部皮肤淋巴细胞转化为母细胞,分裂为小淋巴细胞,产生淋巴因子,吸引巨噬细胞或单核细胞聚集,形成周围单核细胞浸润,使局部皮肤出现红肿便结,此过程系T细胞参与的迟发型变态反应。目前国内
1960 Nowell’s discovery Phytohaemagglutinin Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) extracted from lentils enables lymphocytes to differentiate into lymphoblasts in vitro. 1963 Schrek and Stetani first application of PHA for skin reactions. Later Aire (1967) and Burgie (1968, 1971) demonstrated that PHA has a similar phenomenon with antigen-stimulated delayed-type skin reactions. It is now clear that when used as a skin test, PHA can stimulate the conversion of local cutaneous lymphocytes into blast cells, divide into small lymphocytes, produce lymphokines, attract macrophages or monocytes to aggregate, form peripheral mononuclear cell infiltrates, The skin appears red and swollen, knot, the process of T cells involved in the delayed type of allergic reaction. At present