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近年来,非球形贵金属纳米颗粒因其结构与性质的独特性,已越发受到研究人员的关注。其中,纳米金三角片结构具有各向异性的表面能与表面等离子体共振特性,对发展新一代光子学与电子学器件具有重要意义。然而,相比普通球形纳米粒子,纳米金三角片的可控合成具有更大的难度。通过近十几年的努力,无论是在提高纳米金三角片的质量还是产量上,都有了显著的进步。基于此,本文分别从纳米金三角片的合成方法、生长机理、分离纯化以及其性质与应用等方面作系统介绍,希望该新材料能获得更多的关注。随着自组装技术的发展,纳米金三角片将是非常具有优势的一种组装模块,希望其能在化学、材料等领域发挥更大的作用。
In recent years, non-spherical noble metal nanoparticles have attracted more and more researchers’ attention due to their unique structure and properties. Among them, the nano-gold triangular structure with anisotropic surface energy and surface plasmon resonance characteristics, the development of a new generation of photonics and electronic devices is of great significance. However, the controllable synthesis of nano-gold triangle is more difficult than that of common spherical nano-particles. Through nearly a dozen years of hard work, there has been notable progress in improving the quality and output of nano gold triangle pieces. Based on this, this paper systematically introduces the synthesis methods, growth mechanism, separation and purification, as well as their properties and applications of nano-gold triangle tablets, hoping the new material can get more attention. With the development of self-assembly technology, nano gold triangle will be a very advantageous assembly module, hoping it can play a greater role in chemistry, materials and other fields.