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目的探讨不同剂量钴60(60Co)-γ射线致小鼠睾丸支持细胞结构及功能急性损伤的程度.方法40只健康雄性 KM 小鼠,采用随机数字表法平均分为4组(n=10):正常对照组(A 组)和60Co-γ射线双侧睾丸局部照射的3个不同剂量组,分别为剂量2Gy(B 组);剂量6Gy(C 组);剂量10Gy(D 组),下腹部均匀照射517s.照射完成48h 后,采用酶联免疫吸附法测量血清卵泡刺激素(follicle-stimulating hormone,FSH)、促黄体生成素(luteinizing hormone ,LH)及抑制素β(Inhibin β)水平;应用光学显微镜观察小鼠睾丸组织形态学变化;应用实时定量 PCR 法测定睾丸组织中 Inhibinβ mRNA相对表达量.结果60Co-γ射线照射组(B、C、D 组)较正常组(A 组)血清 FSH 水平显著提高(P <0.05),Inhibinβ水平显著降低(P <0.05);光镜下见睾丸支持细胞和生精细胞发生不同程度的损伤,以 D 组损伤程度最为明显;睾丸组织 Inhibinβ mRNA 表达水平显著降低,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05).结论60Co-γ射线对睾丸支持细胞结构及功能有明显损伤作用,且损伤程度与照射剂量呈正相关性.“,”Objective To investigate the degrees of acute impairment of the sertoli cell structure and function caused by different doses of 60Co-γ in mice. Methods Forty male KM mice were divided randomly into the control group (group A, n=10), and three bilateral testicular 60Co-γ radiation groups, such as the 2 Gy group (group B,n=10) , the 6 Gy group (group C, n=10), the 10 Gy group (group D, n=10). The lower abdomen and scrotal area of mice were irradiated with 60Co-γ ray for 517s in the three radiation groups. The levels of serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and inhibin β were determined by ELISA, the structural changes of sertoli cell were observed by light microscope, and the relative expressions of Inhibin β mRNA in the testicular tissues were detected by Real-time PCR 48 h after the radiation. Results Compared with that of group A,the serum FSH levels in groups B, C and D were significantly inctreased(P<0.05), and the serum Inhibin β levels were significantly decreased (P<0.05). The injured sertoli cells and spermatogenic cells were observed in all three 60Co-γ radiation groups, especially the most severe in the group D. The mRNA expression of Inhibin β in groups B, C and D were significantly lower than that in group A (P<0.05). Conclusion 60Co-γ irradiation might injury sertoli cell structure and function in mice, andthe irradiation dose was positively correlated with injury degree .