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中提琴产生迟于小提琴,大概在17世纪末阿玛蒂等人根据古提琴制造出一种用来演奏较低声部的次中音提琴。当时次中音提琴,琴身总长度为74.5厘米,这样大的尺寸,使演奏很困难。后来斯特拉底瓦里制造出一种尺寸较小的中音提琴,这时的中提琴才接近我们现在所熟悉的中提琴。中提琴的形状、构造和演奏方法与小提琴相似,唯外形稍大于小提琴。定弦比小提琴低五度:C弦、G弦、D弦、A弦,通常用中音谱号记谱。按这种比例,小提琴与中提琴的定音关系与尺寸比例关系应该是二比三,但实际上中提琴只比小提琴长三到四厘米。所以柏辽兹认为乐队里的中提琴实际上就是张着中提琴琴弦的小提琴。中提琴常用于重奏或在管弦乐队中担任伴奏,为主旋律起伴奏和衬托的作用,极少用于独奏。大多数人认为中提琴音色较深沉,发音较粗糙,如带鼻音。然而早在1718年巴赫就认识到了中的琴音色的独特魅力:巴赫的《勃兰登堡第六协奏曲》就是为两把独奏中提琴和乐队所写的,这是巴赫六首勃兰登堡协奏曲中唯一不包括小提琴的作品。作品的主题突出了中提琴的音色之美。曾经有老师戏称:“考不上小提琴专业的人都跑去考中提琴了”。的确有一部分人是这样的,但也还有许多优秀的演奏者是被它迷人的音色所打动,而投身其中的。23岁的南京女孩李腾从著名的美国科蒂斯音乐学院毕业后,赴加拿大多伦多交响乐团担
The viola produced later than the violin, and at about the end of the 17th century Amati et al. Created an accordion based on the violin to play the lower part. At that time, the double-bass, the total body length of 74.5 cm, so large size, so playing is very difficult. Later, a small alto midget instrument was made in Strativari, when the viola approached the viola we now know. The viola is shaped, constructed, and played in a similar way to a violin, slightly larger than a violin. Lower than the fifth of the violin: C string, G string, D string, A string, usually in the middle clef clef. According to this ratio, the relationship between the pitch and the size of the violin and viola should be two to three, but the viola is actually only three to four centimeters longer than the violin. So Berlioz thinks the viola in the band is actually a violin with a viola string. Viola often used in the ensemble or accompaniment in the orchestra, as the main melody accompanies and sets off the role, rarely used in solo. Most people think violas sound darker and more pronounced, like nasal sounds. As early as 1718, however, Bach recognized the unique charm of the piano tone: Bach’s “Brandenburg VI Concerto” was written for two solo viola and the band, six Bach’s Brandenburg Concerto The only work that does not include violins. The theme of the work highlights the beauty of the viola. Once a teacher joked: “test is not a violin professional who went to test the viola ”. There are indeed some people who do, but there are still many good performers who are impressed by their charming sound and are involved. After graduating from the famous Curtis Conservatory, Li Teng, a 23-year-old Nanjing girl, went to the Toronto Symphony Orchestra