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我国的小水电资源点多面广,总量丰富。因此小水电代薪具有明显的资源优势,是缓解林木资源危机的重要途径。然而从我国小水电代薪政策机制的演变过程可以看出:小水电在解决燃料问题的同时,也带来很多生态问题,例如引起河道断流、鱼类通道阻隔、景观破坏以及水质污染等。因此,应在考虑小水电开发的适度原则的基础上,建立生态补偿机制,并开展生态水工学以及小水电代薪环境效益等方面的研究,同时进行环保技术革新及其他跨学科研究。
China’s small hydropower resources point wide, rich in total. Therefore, the generation of small hydropower has obvious resource advantages, which is an important way to ease the crisis of forest resources. However, from the evolutionary process of the policy on behalf of small hydropower in our country, it can be seen that small hydropower has many ecological problems in solving the fuel problem, such as causing river discontinuities, fish passage blocking, landscape destruction and water pollution. Therefore, on the basis of considering the appropriate principle of small hydropower development, we should establish an ecological compensation mechanism and conduct researches on eco-hydraulics and environmental benefits of SHP. We should also carry out technological innovations in environmental protection and other interdisciplinary studies.