在我国的农产品成本构成中,直接成本并不高,但是间接成本太高,比如,美国的玉米每斤有0.08元的生产补贴,我国农民不仅没有这一补贴,每斤玉米还要分摊0.08元的农业税和其它费用。我国大豆的直接成本比美国和日本低10%,加上间接成本,就高于美国和日本的大豆。2001年,黑龙江省每斤大豆的生产成本,农区为0.61元/斤,农业垦区为0.71元/斤,其中,间接成本所占比例分别为37.7%和42.4%。因此,不解决间接成本高的问题,中国的农产品将永远缺乏竞争力。国家实行税费改革和减轻农民负担的政策,对减负发挥了一 In China’s agricultural product cost structure, the direct cost is not high, but the indirect costs are too high, for example, the United States per kilogram of corn has a production subsidy of 0.08 yuan. The peasants in our country not only do not have this subsidy, but also allocate 0.08 yuan per kilogram of corn Agricultural taxes and other costs. The direct costs of soybeans in our country are 10% lower than those in the United States and Japan, plus indirect costs, higher than soybeans in the United States and Japan. In 2001, the production cost per hectare of soybean in Heilongjiang Province was 0.61 yuan / kg in rural areas and 0.71 yuan / kg in agricultural reclamation areas, of which indirect costs accounted for 37.7% and 42.4% respectively. Therefore, without tackling the problem of high indirect costs, China’s agricultural products will never be competitive. The state implemented the tax-fee reform and the peasants’ burden-reduction policy and played a role in reducing the burden