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2011—2014年研究了5个中间砧对‘黄金梨’(Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai)的新梢生长量、单株产量、单果质量以及叶片中矿质元素积累的影响。试验所用的中间砧分别为‘K11’(P.communis×P.pyrifolia)、‘中矮1号’(P.ussuriensis Maxim×P.communis)、‘OHF51’(P.communis L.)、‘OHF97’(P.communis L.)和‘FBA’(P.communis L.),基砧为豆梨(P.calleryana Decne),接穗为‘黄金梨’。从嫁接复合体主干生长一致性看,以‘K11’和‘中矮1号’与基砧和接穗的亲和性较好。嫁接后第1年开花,以‘OHF51’为中间砧的‘黄金梨’花量最多,但2年后的产量和单果质量以‘OHF97’和‘中矮1号’作中间砧的较高。不同中间砧上的接穗新梢生长动态虽然相似,但是嫁接在‘K11’中间砧上的新梢生长量明显高于其他4个中间砧。生长期,嫁接在‘K11’上的接穗叶片氮、磷、钙、镁含量高于其他中间砧,‘OHF51’上锰含量最高,‘OHF97’上锌含量略高。生长后期,‘中矮1号’上的叶片氮、磷含量略高。综合分析认为,‘中矮1号’为中间砧的嫁接组合优于其他4个砧穗组合。
2011-2014 The effects of five intermediate anvil on shoot growth, yield per plant, fruit quality and mineral element accumulation in ’Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai’ were studied. The intermediate anvils used for the experiments were respectively ’K11’ (P.communis × P.pyrifolia), P.ussuriensis Maxim × P.communis, ’OHF51’ (P.communis L.), ’OHF97 ’P.communis L.’ and ’FBA’ (P.communis L.), the rootstock is P.calleryana Decne, and the scion is ’Golden Pear’. From the consistency of the main growth of the grafted complex, the compatibility with ’K11’ and ’Zhongzhao No.1’ with the rootstock and scion is good. In the first year after grafting, the highest percentage of ’Golden Pear’ with ’OHF51’ as the anvil was the highest, but after two years the yield and single fruit quality were higher with ’OHF97’ and ’Zhongzai No.1’ as the anvil. Although the growth dynamics of scion shoots on different middle anvil were similar, the shoot growth on ’K11’ anvil was significantly higher than that of the other four anvil. In the growth stage, the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium in scion leaves grafted on ’K11’ was higher than that of other intermediate anvil, the content of manganese in ’OHF51’ was the highest and the content of zinc in ’OHF97’ was slightly higher. In late growth period, nitrogen and phosphorus content of ’Zhongzai 1’ was slightly higher. According to the comprehensive analysis, the grafting combination of Zhongzai 1 was better than that of the other four scion combinations.