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文章对高等级公路沥青路面裂缝进行归类,从结构缺陷、温度变化、超限荷载、施工方式或工艺缺陷、构造因素及其他外界环境因素几个方面对早期裂缝进行原因分析。预防裂缝则从设计方面重点阐述为满足高等级公路对路面使用功能高标准要求,对路面结构设计在强度组合、厚度组合、功能组合方面采取的措施。提出我国目前情况下高速公路路面结构设计组合几种方案。厚度组合设计方面提出规范对高等级公路路面结构最小厚度设置底线,强度组合设计方面提出半刚性添加纤维基层和钢筋混凝土基层结构形式。施工方面对半刚性基层防裂缝措施进行重点论述,在原材料选择、配合比、含水量、铺料温度等方面有针对性地提出了预防和减轻裂缝出现的相应措施。
The article classifies the cracks on the asphalt pavement of high grade highway and analyzes the causes of the early cracks from several aspects such as structural defects, temperature changes, overloading loads, construction methods or process defects, structural factors and other external environmental factors. The prevention of cracks focuses on the design measures to meet the high standards of high-grade road use of pavement, the pavement structure design in intensity combination, thickness combination, the combination of functional measures. Proposed in our country under the present circumstances the highway pavement structure design combination of several programs. In the aspect of thickness combination design, the paper puts forward the standard to set the bottom line for the minimum thickness of pavement structure of high-grade highway, and presents the semi-rigid addition of fiber base and reinforced concrete base structure in the combination of strength design. In the aspect of construction, the crack prevention measures of semi-rigid base are emphatically discussed. Corresponding measures are put forward to prevent and reduce the occurrence of cracks in aspects of raw material selection, mix proportion, water content, temperature of paving.