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目的了解北京市儿童哮喘患病对患儿学习、体育活动及家庭经济负担等的影响。方法采用横断面调查,以2010年第三次全国儿童哮喘流行病学调查中筛选的497名北京哮喘儿童为研究对象,通过统一的问卷调查收集患儿年龄、性别、哮喘发病及治疗对患儿和家庭的影响等信息,并分析其相关因素。结果 14.0%(41/292)的学龄期哮喘患儿因病缺课大于10 d/年,25.9%(75/290)的学龄期患儿完全不参加或只能参加部分体育活动;37.8%(184/487)的患儿家庭哮喘相关医疗总费用大于1万元,27.6%(135/488)的患儿一年最高医疗费用大于5 000元,2.5%(12/489)的患儿家庭不能承受医疗费用;儿童哮喘患病造成19.2%(92/478)的患儿家庭成员缺勤大于10 d/年。有序多分类logistic回归显示,患儿年龄、哮喘发作方式、发作强度和发作总次数是患儿因病缺勤、体育活动受限及家庭相关医疗费用、成员缺勤天数的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论北京市儿童哮喘患病可以影响患儿的学习和生活,并给家庭造成一定的经济负担,可通过控制患儿病情、减少哮喘发作次数、控制发作强度来降低其不良影响。
Objective To understand the impact of childhood asthma in children in Beijing on learning, physical activity and family financial burden. Methods By cross-sectional survey, 497 Beijing asthmatic children screened from the third national epidemiological survey of children asthma in 2010 were selected as the research objects. The children aged, gender, asthma and their treatment were collected by a unified questionnaire. And family influence and other information, and analyze its related factors. Results In 14.0% (41/292) of children with school-age asthma who missed school for more than 10 d / year, 25.9% (75/290) of school-age children did not participate or only participated in some physical activities at all; 37.8% / 487) of children with asthma-related medical costs total more than 10,000 yuan, 27.6% (135/488) of the highest annual medical expenses more than 5,000 yuan, 2.5% (12/489) of the families of children can not afford Medical expenses; 19.2% (92/478) of children with asthma in children had no family member’s absence for more than 10 days per year. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that children’s age, asthma attack pattern, seizure intensity and the total number of seizures were the factors influencing absent days due to illness and absence of physical activity, physical activity and family-related medical expenses, and the number of absent days (P <0.05) . Conclusion The prevalence of childhood asthma in children in Beijing may affect the study and life of children and bring some financial burden to the family. It can reduce the adverse effects by controlling the condition of children, reducing the number of asthma attacks and controlling the attack intensity.