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在四川达州生态条件下研究了不同海拔高度(700 m,1 000 m,1 300 m)对白肋烟生长发育动态的影响。结果表明,白肋烟株高、有效叶数、叶面积、茎围等生长发育动态均符合前期慢、中期快、后期又慢的变化规律,海拔高度对各指标的变化模式有显著影响。在海拔700 m条件下,茎秆、叶片进入快速生长期早,生长速率高,茎叶生长主要集中在移栽后40~60 d,移栽后68 d即进入打顶期,之后茎粗继续增加。随着海拔高度的增加,烟叶生长发育变慢,表现为进入快速生长期变晚,生长速率降低,特别是在1 300 m高海拔地区,出叶晚,茎叶生长慢,烟株打顶期比海拔700 m处理晚15 d,砍收期晚30 d,不利于正常成熟和晾制。
The effects of altitude (700 m, 1 000 m, 1 300 m) on the growth and development of burley tobacco were studied under the ecological conditions in Dazhou, Sichuan Province. The results showed that the growth and development of plant height, effective leaf number, leaf area and stem circumference of burley tobacco all accorded with the changes of slow, mid-fast and late-slow. The altitude had a significant effect on the change patterns of each index. Under the condition of 700 m altitude, the stalks and leaves entered the early stage of rapid growth and the growth rate was high. The growth of stems and leaves mainly concentrated on 40-60 days after transplanting, and reached the topping stage at 68 days after transplanting, increase. With the increase of altitude, the growth and development of tobacco leaves became slower, which showed that the tobacco leaves became late and the growth rate decreased rapidly, especially at 1 300 m altitude. 700 m above sea level and 15 d later than the sea level at an altitude of 30 m, which is not conducive to normal maturation and air-drying.