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提出了一种双曲波前差自扫描直视合成孔径激光成像雷达系统,结构上采用正交偏振同轴双光束发射和偏振干涉自差探测结构,原理上应用波面变换产生双曲波前差照射光斑,因此通过目标的相对运动在交轨向自动扫描产生目标面横向距离有关的线性相位调制,同时在顺轨向产生目标顺轨向距离有关的二次项相位历程,采用补偿二次多普勒频移的傅里叶变换和补偿交叉耦合的共轭二次项匹配滤波算法实现图像重构。本系统主要特点是结构简单,无需使用任何光调制器,没有交轨向信号的初始相位同步问题,不存在目标时间延时影响,同时也保留了直视合成孔径激光成像雷达的固有优点,如有效地降低了大气等相位干扰,照明光斑可以很大,接收口径可以很大。本雷达适用于航空航天的各种相对运动速度和作用距离的对地观察成像和基于逆合成孔径原理的激光成像雷达。
A hyperbolic wave front aberration self-scanning direct-view synthetic aperture laser imaging radar system was proposed. The structure of the system was orthogonal polarized dual-beam transmission and polarization interference self-difference detection structure. In principle, wavefront transform was used to generate hyperbolic wavefront aberration Therefore, the linear phase modulation related to the transverse distance of the target plane caused by the relative movement of the target to the auto-scan is generated by the relative movement of the target, and the quadratic phase phase history related to the distance from the target to the target along the track is compensated. Image reconstruction using Fourier transform with Polariod frequency shift and conjugate quadratic term matched filtering algorithm with compensatory cross coupling. The main features of this system are simple structure, no need to use any optical modulator, no initial phase synchronization of cross-track signal, no target time delay and the inherent advantages of direct-view synthetic aperture laser imaging radar, such as Effectively reduce the atmospheric phase interference, the illumination spot can be large, receiving diameter can be large. The radar is suitable for all kinds of aerospace relative motion speed and range of observation and imaging of the ground based on inverse synthetic aperture principle laser imaging radar.