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目的了解荆州市手足口病流行特征,提供疫情防控决策依据。方法用描述流行病学方法分析荆州市2008~2012年手足口病疫情。结果荆州市2008~2012年手足口病发病22 604例,平均年发病率为76.71/10万,重症率为0.12%,死亡率为0.02/10万。不同年份县(市、区)发病率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),平均年发病率荆州区(135.02/10万)最高、监利县(30.47/10万)最低。发病呈现两年周期性,疫情总体呈上升趋势,存在春季、冬季发病双高峰,1~4岁年龄组为发病最高峰,男性发病明显高于女性(P<0.01)。结论荆州市手足口病疫情的地区、季节、年龄、性别分布特征明显,流行强度较高,应针对性地实施防控策略。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Jingzhou and provide basis for prevention and control of epidemic situation. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic situation of HFMD in Jingzhou from 2008 to 2012. Results A total of 22 604 HFMD cases were found in Jingzhou from 2008 to 2012, with an average annual incidence of 76.71 / 100 000, severe disease rate 0.12% and death rate 0.02 / 100,000. The incidence rates of counties (cities, districts) in different years were all statistically significant (P <0.01). The average annual incidence was the highest in Jingzhou District (135.02 / 100000) and the lowest in Jianli County (30.47 / 100000). The incidence showed a two-year periodicity, and the epidemic overall showed an upward trend. There were double peaks in spring and winter, and peaked in the age group of 1 to 4 years old. The incidence of males was significantly higher than that of females (P <0.01). Conclusion The epidemic situation of hand-foot-mouth disease in Jingzhou City is obviously characterized by its regional, seasonal, age and sex distribution, and its epidemic intensity is high. Therefore, the prevention and control strategies should be implemented in a targeted manner.