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在温度和光照自动控制的生物人工气候箱内研究了温度对安农S-1等6个温敏(Thermo-sensitive)不育材料和农垦58S等4个光敏(Photo-sensitive)不育材料不育基因表达的影响。结果表明:温敏不育材料在高温(昼温31℃,夜温28℃)条件下为不育,在低温(昼温24℃,夜温22℃)条件下为可育。它们对温度敏感的时期在花粉母细胞形成期至单核花粉期。夜温比昼温对温敏不育基因表达的影响更为明显。温度对光敏不育基因表达也有一定影响。光敏材料在相同短日(光照12小时/日)条件下,高温(昼温31℃,夜温28℃)处理的结实率比自然温度(日均温27.1℃)条件下的结实率低60％以上;在相同长日(光照14小时/日)条件下,低温(昼温24℃,夜温22℃)处理的结实率为3.3至10.1％,而高温(昼温31℃,夜温28℃)条件下结实率为零。另外,发现有两个不育材料在高温(昼温31℃,夜温28℃)条件下为可育,在低温(日均温24.4℃)条件下为不育。
In the biological artificial climate chamber with temperature and light automatic control, the effect of temperature on six photo-sensitive sterile materials such as Thermo-sensitive sterile materials such as Annong S-1 and Nongken 58S Effect of gene expression. The results showed that the thermo-sensitive sterile materials were sterile at high temperature (31 ℃ in daytime and 28 ℃ in night), and fertile at low temperature (24 ℃ in daytime and 22 ℃ in nighttime). Their temperature-sensitive period is between pollen mother cell formation and mononuclear pollen phases. The effects of night temperature and day temperature on the thermo-sensitive genic male sterile genes were more obvious. Temperature also has some influence on the photo-sensitive sterile gene expression. The seed setting rate of the photosensitive material under the condition of the same short day (light 12 hours / day) and high temperature (day temperature 31 ℃, night temperature 28 ℃) was lower than the natural temperature (average daily temperature 27.1 ℃) by 60% . Under the same long day (light for 14 hours / day), the seed setting rate was 3.3 to 10.1% at low temperature (24 ℃ in daytime and 22 ℃ in night), while the high temperature (31 ℃ in daytime and 28 ℃ in night) ) Seed setting rate is zero. In addition, two sterile materials were found to be fertile at high temperature (day temperature 31 ° C, night temperature 28 ° C) and sterile at low temperature (average daily temperature 24.4 ° C).