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为确定文蛤活动对海水及沉积物中TN、TP的影响并筛选指示文蛤活动对环境中总氮、TP影响的微生物活性指标,本研究进行了围塘埋栖文蛤的现场实验以及室内模拟实验。于2009年8月在双台子河口盘山海域的滩涂高潮线附近设置了投放文蛤的实验池塘和未投放文蛤的对照池塘。于2010年8月、10月、12月及2011年5月分别采集了实验池塘和对照池塘的海水及表层沉积物,并对其进行了主要微生物活性指标(微生物生物量碳、微生物基础呼吸、海水及沉积物中细菌总数、硝化细菌和反硝化细菌数量)以及TN、TP的测定,从而确定文蛤活动对海水及沉积物中TN、TP的影响。通过相关性分析,确定能指示文蛤活动对TN、TP影响的微生物活性指标。同时进行室内模拟实验测定上述指标。通过对现场和室内模拟实验结果的综合分析发现,投放文蛤之后,海水中的TN、TP含量下降,海水及沉积物中的细菌总数下降,说明文蛤的投放对海水富营养化起到缓解的作用。此外通过相关性分析发现海水中细菌总数、沉积物中细菌总数及微生物生物量碳这3个微生物指标与海水及沉积物中TN、TP之间均具有显著相关性,可用于反应文蛤扰动对环境中TN、TP的影响。
In order to determine the influence of clam activity on TN and TP in seawater and sediment and to screen the indicators of microbial activity indicating the impact of clam activity on total nitrogen and TP in the environment, field experiments and laboratory simulation experiments were conducted in this study. In August 2009, experimental ponds for putting clams and control ponds without clams were set up near the beach tidal flat in the Panshan waters of Shuangtaizi Estuary. In August, October, December and May 2011, seawater and surface sediments of experimental ponds and control ponds were collected and their main indicators of microbial activity (microbial biomass carbon, microbial basic respiration, Seawater and sediment in the total number of bacteria, nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria) and TN, TP determination, to determine the impact of clam activity on seawater and sediment TN, TP. Through correlation analysis, we can determine the microbial activity index that can indicate the influence of clam activity on TN and TP. At the same time indoor simulation experiments to determine the above indicators. Through the comprehensive analysis of the field and laboratory simulation results, it was found that the content of TN and TP in sea water decreased and the total bacteria in seawater and sediment decreased after put the clam, indicating that the release of clams played a role in eutrophication of seawater . In addition, it was found through correlation analysis that the total number of bacteria in the seawater, the total number of bacteria in sediment and microbial biomass carbon were significant correlations with TN and TP in seawater and sediment, which could be used to reflect the response of clams to the environment The impact of TN, TP.