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目的分析中老年人糖代谢异常影响因素,为2型糖尿病(T2DM)防治工作提供科学依据。方法采用整群抽样方法抽取河北省保定市>40岁常住居民3 212人进行问卷调查、体检和实验室检查,采用累积比数Logistic回归法分析糖代谢异常的影响因素。结果本次调查获得有效问卷3 102份。其中T2DM患者682例,糖尿病前期(IGR)患者284例,患病率分别为21.99%和9.15%,按2000年全国人口普查数据进行标化的患病率分别为19.03%和8.68%;糖尿病家族史(OR=2.74)、腰围增加(OR=1.47)、甘油三酯异常(OR=1.44)、腰臀比异常(OR=1.41)、从事专业技术类工作(OR=1.40)、收缩压高(OR=1.27)、年龄增大(OR=1.17)、体质指数异常(OR=1.16)、脾气暴躁或易激动(OR=1.14)及女性有重大胎儿生育史(OR=1.41)为保定市中老年人糖代谢异常发生的危险因素,女性(OR=0.80)和经常食用水果(OR=0.83)为其保护因素。结论糖代谢异常的发生受多种因素影响;通过调整饮食结构、加强体育锻炼降低体重、控制血压和血脂、保持良好心态以及戒烟、限酒可有效预防T2DM。
Objective To analyze the influencing factors of abnormal glucose metabolism in middle-aged and elderly people and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods A cluster sampling method was used to select 3 212 residents aged> 40 years in Baoding, Hebei Province for questionnaires, physical examination and laboratory tests. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of abnormal glucose metabolism. Results The survey obtained 3 102 valid questionnaires. The prevalence of 682 T2DM patients and 284 IGR patients was 21.99% and 9.15% respectively. The prevalence rates of standardized T2DM patients were 19.03% and 8.68% respectively according to the 2000 national census data. (OR = 2.74), waist circumference (OR = 1.47), abnormal triglyceride (OR = 1.44), abnormal waist and hip ratio (OR = 1.41), professional and technical work (OR = 1.40) OR = 1.27), age (OR = 1.17), abnormal body mass index (OR = 1.16), irritable or irritable temper (OR = 1.14) The risk factors of abnormal glucose metabolism were female (OR = 0.80) and regular consumption of fruit (OR = 0.83) as protective factors. Conclusions The occurrence of abnormal glucose metabolism is affected by many factors. It can effectively prevent T2DM by adjusting diet structure, strengthening physical exercise, reducing body weight, controlling blood pressure and blood lipids, maintaining good attitude and quitting smoking.