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目的了解乌鲁木齐市2012年中小学生流行性腮腺炎的流行病学特征及免疫史,为制定预防控制策略提供依据。方法利用描述性流行病学方法,对乌鲁木齐市225所学校流行性腮腺炎(简称流腮)的疫情资料进行分析。结果学校流行性腮腺炎全年均有发病,1—5月发病最多,以6～12岁儿童发病率最高;不同学段、不同民族、不同性别学生流腮发病率差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01),不同地区腮腺炎发病构成比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。1 255例流腮病例中,有免疫史者占40.88%。结论及时接种疫苗是控制流行性腮腺炎暴发、流行的有效而经济的措施。应落实学校查验证工作,将腮腺炎类疫苗免疫覆盖率纳入绩效考核。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and immunization history of mumps in primary and secondary school students in Urumqi in 2012 and provide the basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze epidemic data of mumps in 225 schools in Urumqi. Results The incidence of mumps in school all year round, with the highest incidence in January to May and the highest incidence in children aged 6 to 12 years. The incidences of mumps in different sections, different ethnic groups and different gender were statistically significant ( P <0.01). The morbidity ratio of mumps in different areas was significantly different (P <0.01). In 1 255 cases of mumps, 40.88% had history of immunization. Conclusions Vaccination in time is an effective and economical measure to control the epidemic and epidemic of mumps. Schools should verify the work permit verification, mumps vaccine immunization coverage into the performance appraisal.