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针对松散承压含水层下采煤压架突水灾害问题,采用数值模拟和相似材料模拟手段,就松散承压含水层下采煤基岩厚度、硬岩层层位及硬岩层的不同组合特征等覆岩结构因素对压架突水灾害的影响进行了研究。结果表明:在松散承压含水层载荷传递作用较大的情况下,压架突水灾害的发生主要与覆岩结构有关,当基岩越薄、距离煤层10倍采高以内的顶板中存在巨厚硬岩层且距离煤层最近的硬岩层厚度越大时,覆岩越易发生整体破断,引发工作面压架突水灾害。上述影响规律得到了祁东煤矿7114和7112工作面开采实践的验证。根据压架突水灾害发生的覆岩结构条件,可以在采前对压架突水危险区域进行预测,从而为采场压架突水灾害的防治提供依据。
Aiming at the problem of water inrush disaster of coal mining racks under unconsolidated confined aquifer, numerical simulations and simulations of similar materials were carried out to investigate the different characteristics of bedrock thickness, hard rock strata and hard rock formations under unconsolidated confined aquifer The influence of overburden structural factors on the inrush disaster of ram was studied. The results show that under the condition of large load transfer in loose confined aquifer, the occurrence of pressure bursting water inrush is mainly related to the overburden structure. When the bedrock is thinner, there is a large thickness in the roof within 10 times of mining height When the thickness of the hard rock layer and the thickness of the hard rock layer closest to the coal seam is greater, the overburden rock tends to break completely and the pressure bursting in the face is caused. The above rules have been validated by the practice of mining face 7114 and 7112 in Qidong Coal Mine. According to the structural conditions of overburden rock burst, it is possible to predict the danger zone of water ram in the ram before mining so as to provide the basis for the prevention and control of water rains in stope ram.