微小核糖核酸是一类调控基因,通过其转录后调控机制在胚胎发育、细胞增殖、细胞分化、细胞死亡及细胞凋亡中发挥调控作用。近期研究发现,微小核糖核酸的异常表达在心血管系统疾病的发生、发展中具有重要的作用。微小核糖核酸在外周血中含量丰富,性质稳定,易于检测,通过外周血微小核糖核酸的检测,有望对心脏疾病的快速及准确的诊治起到帮助。 MicroRNAs are a family of regulatory genes that play a regulatory role in embryonic development, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, cell death and apoptosis through their posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms. Recent studies have found that the abnormal expression of miRNAs plays an important role in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases. MicroRNA is rich in peripheral blood, stable in character and easy to detect. The detection of microRNA in peripheral blood is expected to help the rapid and accurate diagnosis and treatment of heart disease.