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锗是分布较广的稀有元素之一,为了富集微量锗,溶剂萃取仍不失为快速简便的方法,其中应用最广的为在9～10N盐酸中用四氯化碳萃取分离锗,选择性虽较好,但用酸量大。文献提出用磷酸三丁酯萃取锗,但只限于纯物质的试验。本文对磷酸三丁酯萃取锗的性能,作了较洋细的研究,尤其是对铁(Ⅲ)、锌(Ⅱ)、锡(Ⅳ)、钨(Ⅵ)、钼(Ⅵ)等干扰元素的萃取分离及掩蔽,进行了试验,并以苯芴酮和阳离子表面活性剂—溴化十六烷基三甲胺,在有机相中直接显色测定,从而拟定了复杂矿中0.0x～0.000x％锗的测定方法,经过样品对照试验,取得满意结果。
Germanium is one of the more widely distributed rare elements. In order to enrich trace amounts of germanium, solvent extraction is still a quick and easy method. Among them, the most widely used method is to extract and separate germanium with carbon tetrachloride in 9 to 10N hydrochloric acid, Better, but with a large amount of acid. The literature proposes the extraction of germanium with tributyl phosphate but is limited to the pure substance test. In this paper, tributyl phosphate extraction of germanium properties, made more finer research, especially for iron (Ⅲ), zinc (Ⅱ), tin (Ⅳ), tungsten (Ⅵ), molybdenum (Ⅵ) and other interfering elements Extraction and separation and masking were carried out. The test was carried out with benzofluorenone and cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide in the organic phase, so that the determination of 0.0x ~ 0.000x% Germanium determination method, after the sample control test, and achieved satisfactory results.