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目的了解甘肃省东乡族和汉族中学生身体素质状况和变化情况,为提高学生健康素质提供理论依据。方法按照中国学生体质健康调研手册的要求,对13～18岁东乡族与汉族学生进行身体素质指标测试。结果东乡族13～18岁男生引体向上成绩均好于同龄汉族男生,且在14～15岁和18岁差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);1 000 m跑在14岁年龄段好于同龄汉族学生(P值均<0.01);13岁年龄组的握力好于汉族学生,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),其余年龄段各项身体素质指标均差于汉族男生(P值均<0.01);东乡族13～18岁女生,除15岁组的800 m跑成绩好于同龄汉族女生(P<0.01)外,其余各项身体素质均差于汉族女生(P值均<0.01)。结论东乡族学生身体素质不容乐观,女生更为突出。要进一步加强学校体育与卫生工作,教育学生养成体育锻炼习惯,提高身体素质。
Objective To understand the physical conditions and changes of Dongxiang and Han middle school students in Gansu Province and to provide theoretical basis for improving the students’ health quality. Methods According to the requirements of the Chinese Students’ Physical Health Research Manual, the physical fitness indexes of Dongxiang and Han students aged 13 to 18 years were tested. Results Dongxiang 13 ~ 18-year-old boys were better than the same age boys in their pull-ups, and there was a statistically significant difference between 14 and 15 years old and 18 years old (P <0.05 or P <0.01) (P <0.01). The grip strength of 13-year-old group was better than that of Han students, but the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). The physical fitness indexes of other age groups were all worse than those of Han (P <0.01). The DongQi girls aged 13 to 18 years old, except for the 15-year-old group, had better performance than the 800-year-old girls in the same age group (P <0.01) Value <0.01). Conclusion Dongxiang students physical fitness is not optimistic, girls are more prominent. To further strengthen the school sports and health work, educate students to develop physical exercise habits, improve physical fitness.