教育心理学告诉我们，心理发展有两个侧面：认识的发展如感觉、知觉、记忆、思维等；意向的发展如兴趣、情感、意志等。从系统论观点来看，学习活动则可看作一个系统，这个系统由两个协同作用的子系统组成，一个是操作系统（智力因素），一个是动力系统（非智力因素）。对... Educational psychology tells us that psychological development has two sides: the development of cognition such as feeling, perception, memory, thinking and so on; the development of intention such as interest, emotion, will and so on. From a systems theory point of view, learning activities can be viewed as a system consisting of two synergistic subsystems, one operating system (intelligence factor) and one power system (non-intelligence factor). Correct...