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用包括基因型×环境互作效应的种子性状遗传模型，对籼粳交组合的３个外观品质性状（粒长、粒宽和长宽比）的遗传特性进行了研究。结果表明：在籼粳交组合中，这３个性状的遗传表达主要受母体加性和直接加性效应控制，以母体加性效应为主。母体加性和直接加性效应之间还有显著的负向遗传协方差。部分性状的直接显性、母体显性和细胞质效应方差分量也达到显著或极显著水平。基因型×环境互作主要表现为直接加性×环境、母体加性×环境和母体显性×环境互作。直接遗传率和母体遗传率的估计值都极显著，以母体遗传率较大。显性效应的表现因性状和配组方式而有所不同，基因型×环境互作只影响显性表达的程度，而不改变其方向。另外，根据各性状的遗传效应预测值对供试亲本的利用价值作了评价。
Genetic characteristics of three appearance quality traits (grain length, grain width and aspect ratio) of indica and japonica cross combinations were studied using a genetic model of seed traits including genotype × environment interaction effects. The results showed that in indica-japonica cross combinations, the genetic expression of these three traits was mainly controlled by maternal additive and direct additive effects, with the maternal additive effect as the dominant factor. There is also a significant negative genetic covariance between maternal additive and direct additive effects. The direct dominant of some traits, maternal dominance and the variance component of cytoplasmic effect also reached significant or extremely significant level. Genotype × environment interaction is mainly manifested as direct additive × environment, maternal additive × environment and maternal dominance × environment interaction. Estimates of direct heritability and maternal heritability are significant, with a high maternal heritability. The performance of the dominant effect varies depending on the trait and the method of grouping. Genotype × environment interaction only affects the degree of dominant expression, but does not change the direction. In addition, according to the genetic effect of each trait prediction value of the tested parents to evaluate the value.