论文部分内容阅读
“限塑令”作为一项制度安排,涉及多方市场主体:政府、生产者、商家及广大消费者。政府成本与社会福利的比较,决定了制度效率。在制度约束下,替代品成本的高低关系到违规的可能,而商家的竞争,使限塑面临挑战。购物袋的有偿使用,是通过抑制消费需求来控制供给,成本的转稼造成消费者剩余的损失,消费者的逆向选择行为必然与促进资源综合利用,保护生态环境的政府本意相冲突。因此,限塑作为一种制度约束,需要市场主体的共同认同,才能更好发挥作用。
“Plastic limit order ” as a system arrangement, involving multiple market players: the government, producers, businesses and the vast number of consumers. The comparison of government cost and social welfare determines the efficiency of the system. In the system constraints, the level of the cost of alternatives related to the possibility of non-compliance, and business competition, limited plastic face challenges. The paid use of shopping bags is to control the supply by restraining the consumption demand. The cost of the crops causes the loss of consumers’ surplus. The adverse selection behavior of consumers inevitably conflicts with the government’s intention of promoting the comprehensive utilization of resources and protecting the ecological environment. Therefore, the plastic limit as a system constraint, the common understanding of market participants, can play a better role.