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目的对门脉高压所致肠道细菌和内毒素易位进行探讨。方法采用肝前性门脉高压大鼠模型，于术后２ｄ取肠系膜淋巴结、门静脉和外周静脉血作细菌培养，对肠道细菌定量培养。检测门静脉，外周静脉和肠内容物内毒素含量，光镜观察回肠粘膜。结果门脉高压组肠系膜淋巴结和门脉血细菌检出率明显升高，但外周血培养阴性，易位细菌中肠道Ｇ－杆菌菌量明显升高，门脉血、外周血、肠内容物内毒素水平显著各项高。光镜观察，回肠上皮细胞变性脱落，粘膜下淤血，淋巴细胞浸润增多，绒毛样结构减少。结论门脉高压导致肠道细菌和内毒素易位，肠粘膜屏障受损，肠道微生态平衡的破坏和肠源性内毒素血症是细菌和内毒素易位的重要促发因素。
Objective To study the intestinal bacteria and endotoxin translocation caused by portal hypertension. Methods The rat model of prehypertensive portal hypertension was established. The mesenteric lymph nodes, portal vein and peripheral vein blood were collected for bacterial culture on day 2 postoperatively to quantitatively culture intestinal bacteria. The contents of endotoxin in portal vein, peripheral vein and intestinal contents were detected and the ileal mucosa were observed by light microscope. Results The detection rates of mesenteric lymph nodes and portal blood bacteria in portal hypertension group were significantly higher than those in the portal hypertension group. However, the culture of bacteria in the peripheral blood was negative. The quantity of G-bacilli in the intestinal tract was significantly increased. The contents of portal vein blood, peripheral blood, intestinal contents Endotoxin levels were significantly high. Light microscope observation, ileal epithelial cells degeneration, submucosal congestion, lymphocyte infiltration, villous structure decreased. Conclusions Portal hypertension can lead to bacterial and endotoxin translocations, impaired intestinal mucosal barrier, impaired intestinal microflora, and enterogenous endotoxemia, which are important contributors to bacterial and endotoxin translocation.