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【目的】香蕉枯萎病已成为香蕉产业可持续发展的最主要限制因素之一,通过室内建立不同香蕉品种对枯萎病快速鉴定方法,为大田香蕉抗病品种鉴定和品种改良提供依据。【方法】本研究对巴西蕉(B)、桂蕉1号(GV)和笔者自主选育的品系云蕉1号(Y)进行枯萎病病菌4号生理小种热带型(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense Tropic Race 4,Foc TR4)野生型菌株(15-1)温室接种,通过叶片表型和球茎解剖2种病情指数调查并结合实时定量PCR分析,鉴定供试材料的抗感差异并筛选出对枯萎病抗性较好的香蕉材料。【结果】经过3次独立温室接种试验,结果显示云蕉1号病情指数最低,其他品种在接种后枯萎病抗性强弱的表现为Y>GV>B。检测接种后土壤中病原菌含量发现,3个品种之间未达到显著性差异,表明接种条件相对一致。不同香蕉品种在接种25 d后,云蕉1号的球茎病原菌含量较低,与巴西蕉相比达到了显著性差异(P<0.05),但是与桂蕉1号差异不显著,说明云蕉1号抗病性较好。【结论】本研究通过香蕉枯萎病的室内速鉴定方法表明,云蕉1号对枯萎有较好的耐病性,适合进一步大田筛选。
【Objective】 Fusarium wilt of banana has become one of the most restrictive factors for the sustainable development of banana industry. Rapid identification of fusarium wilt by establishing different indoor banana varieties provides the basis for the identification and variety improvement of banana resistant varieties in the field. 【Method】 In this study, the effects of Fusarium oxysporum f. Sp (B), Guijiao 1 (GV) and the strain Yunchi No.1 (Y) .Cubense Tropic Race 4 and Foc TR4) were inoculated into the greenhouse of wild-type strain (15-1). The resistance index of the tested materials was identified by the investigation of two disease index of leaf phenotype and corm dissection and combined with real-time quantitative PCR analysis Banana material resistant to Fusarium wilt. 【Result】 After three independent inoculation experiments, the results showed that the disease index of Yunju 1 was the lowest. The resistance of other varieties to Fusarium wilt was Y> GV> B after inoculation. Detection of pathogen content in soil after inoculation found no significant differences among the three varieties, indicating that the inoculation conditions are relatively consistent. Different banana cultivars had a lower content of bulb pathogen after 25 days of inoculation, which was significantly different from that of Brazil banana (P <0.05), but not significantly different from that of Guijiao 1 Good disease resistance. 【Conclusion】 In this study, the indoor rapid identification method of banana wilt disease showed that Yunjiao 1 had better disease resistance to wilt, and was suitable for further field screening.