结核分枝杆菌耐药性和持留性是关系结核病临床疗效和结核病流行控制的两大课题。经过数十年的研究,在细节上虽仍有待继续深入,但在总体上人们对抗结核药物作用和耐药机制的认识已较为明确。与此相比,虽然对持留现象和持留菌的认知由来已久,近数年来也已进入现代研究的过程,但大 Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance and retention is the relationship between the clinical efficacy of tuberculosis and tuberculosis epidemic control of the two major topics. After decades of research, although the details still need to be further deepened, on the whole, people’s understanding of the anti-TB drug effect and drug resistance mechanism has been clearer. In contrast, although the recognition of persistence and retention of bacteria has existed for a long time and has entered the process of modern research in recent years,