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汉语关系从句怎样表时体义,是一个复杂的问题。对此,首先需要区分宾语关系化和主语关系化。1.在宾语关系化结构中,主句的时体义决定了从句的时体义。同时,从句对主句也有一定的反作用。另外,宾语的受动性(affectedness)越大,关系从句结构越倾向于固化,语义更不透明,且动词更易采用光杆形式。2.主语关系化结构中,形-义透明度要大于宾语关系化,从句对主句没有反作用。3.关系从句前置的语言,其关系从句中的时体态、核心名词上的指称标记等限定性(finiteness)手段容易发生隐略或中和。4.关系从句并非完全排斥情态范畴。一些情态副词和带有情态义的程度副词,都可以有条件地出现在关系从句中。本文初步讨论了这些条件和情态成分出现的方式,如溢出、阻碍与和谐。
How the Chinese relational clauses are time-honored is a complex issue. In this regard, we must first distinguish between object-oriented and subject-related. In object-relational structure, the temporal meaning of the main clause determines the temporal meaning of the clause. At the same time, clauses have a certain counter-effect on the main clause. In addition, the greater the affectedness of the object, the more the relational clause structure tends to solidify, the more semantic the semantic is, and the verb is more likely to adopt the polished rod form. 2. Subject relational structure, the shape-meaning transparency is greater than the object-oriented relationship, the clause does not have a negative effect on the main clause. 3. Relational clauses Precursor language, the relationship between the clauses in the body, the nominal noun on the core noun and other finiteness means (finiteness) prone to the slightest or neutralization. 4. Relational clauses do not completely exclude the modality category. Some modal adverbs and adverbs of degree of affection can appear conditionally in relational clauses. This article first discusses the ways in which these conditions and modalities emerge, such as spillover, obstruction and harmony.