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目的掌握象山县输入性疟疾的流行特征,为制定防治措施提供依据。方法对象山县2005—2013年输入性疟疾病例进行描述流行病学分析。结果象山县2005—2013年累计报告输入性疟疾37例,其中间日疟30例,恶性疟7例。以男性为主(78.38%),20~44岁青壮年多见(64.86%),职业以民工、工人和境外务工人员为主,发病呈现2个高峰,即2月和7—8月。感染来源外省输入占72.97%,境外感染占27.03%。发病至就诊时间中位数为3 d,初诊至确诊时间中位数为2 d。初诊单位,县级及以上医疗机构占54.06%,村级医疗机构占24.32%,乡镇卫生院占21.62%。确诊单位以疾病预防控制机构为主,占64.86%。结论输入性疟疾防控是今后疟疾防控的重点,特别是来自高疟区的境外归国人员。
Objective To grasp the epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria in Xiangshan County and provide the basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods An epidemiological analysis of imported malaria cases from 2005 to 2013 in Shan County was conducted. Results In Xiangshan County from 2005 to 2013, 37 cases of malaria were reported, of which 30 cases were Plasmodium falciparum and 7 cases were Plasmodium falciparum. Mainly male (78.38%), young adults aged 20 to 44 more common (64.86%), occupation to migrant workers, workers and overseas workers, the incidence showed two peaks, that is, in February and July-August. The source of infection accounted for 72.97% of the total imports from other provinces and 27.03% of them were infected overseas. The median time from onset to treatment was 3 days, and the median time from initial diagnosis to diagnosis was 2 days. The newly diagnosed units, 54.06% of medical institutions at the county level and above, 24.32% of village-level medical institutions and 21.62% of township hospitals. The confirmed units are mainly disease prevention and control institutions, accounting for 64.86%. Conclusion The prevention and control of imported malaria is the focus of prevention and control of malaria in the future, especially those returning from high malaria areas.