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目的 探讨汉族人群中炎症因子TNF-αG-308A的基因多态性与2型糖尿病肾病发生的相关性.方法根据随机原则选择2014年3月至2015年1月在航天中心医院住院并且诊断为糖尿病肾病的患者113例为糖尿病肾病组(DN组),健康个体108例为对照组.运用聚合酶链式反应测标本DNA肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)G-308A的三种基因型GG、GA、AA,检测患者临床指标:体重指数(BMI)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、尿素氮(BUN)以及24 h尿蛋白含量.结果Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律进行检测后发现,DN组和正常对照组的样本结果差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),表明所选的样本是能代表群体性的.DN组BMI、SBP、BUN、TG、24 h尿蛋白含量明显高于正常对照组(P<0.05).DN组GG基因型与正常对照组比较,对照组显著低于DN组的基因型且差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.51,P<0.05).正常对照组G等位基因频率为38.10%,而DN组为56.80%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=3.32,P0.05), which represent the selected sample possess representative characteristics. The clinical parameters of type 2 diabetic nephropathy that indicated by clinical trials index analysis,which include BMI,SBP,BUN,TG,24 h urine protein,were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). The GG genotype in DN group was significantly higher than that of the control group (χ2=6.51,P<0.05). The frequency distribution of G allele in DN group and normal control was 56.8% and 38.1%,respectively. The data of DN group was significantly higher than the control group(χ2=3.32,P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis data showed that TNF-αG-308A polymorphism and 24 h urine protein levels were risk factors for the development and progression of DN. Conclusion The TNF-α G-308A gene polymorphisms was closely related with type 2 diabetic nephropathy and development,and the G allele might be a genetic susceptibility factor for type 2 diabetic nephropathy.